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P. DE SUSINE. ETHER ENGINE.

No. 459,317. Patented Sept. 8, 1891.

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-of liquid from the accumulator.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

PAUL DE SUSINE, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

ETHER-ENGINE.

$PEGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 459,317, datedSeptember 8, 1891.

Application filed January 9, 1890. Serial No. 336,455. (No model.)Patented in France April 5, 1889, Ito-197,234.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, PAUL DE SUsINn, doctor of medicine, a citizen ofFrance, residing at 6 Rue de Sfax, Paris, France, have invented a newand useful Improved Motor-Engine WVorked by Ether-Vapor, (for which Ihave obtained a patent in France, dated April 5, 1889, No. 197,234,) ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to ether-engines, and the novel features thereofwill be hereinafter set forth, and then particularly defined by theappended claims.

The construction of the engineis shown on the accompanying drawings, inwhich Figure 1 shows a general side elevation of the entire engine,condenser, &c.; Fig. 2, an enlarged longitudinal section of the engineFig. 3 is a vertical section of the forcing-pump to an enlarged scale.Fig. 4 is an elevation of the same, and Fig. '5 is a vertical section ofthe accumulator.

The vapor generator or heater consists of a simple closed vessel Acontaining a bath of glycerine a, and placed directly over a fireplace Band below the engine-cylinder O. The liquid-ether supply being containedin the recipientD is drawn thence by a pump E, which forces it into theaccumulator F, where it compresses a layer of airG until the pressure isslightly above the working pressure in the generator A. At this momentthe piston or plunger-I of the pump E is compressed during the forcingstroke, as will be presently described, so that there is no feed untilthe air in the accumulatorF has had its pressure reduced to a certainextent by the discharge It will be seen that by this means theaccumulator F is continuously automatically charged by the working ofthe pump E, and that liquid ether can at each stroke be'injected throughpipe 1 and valve j into the vapor-generator A. The valve j is actuatedby a cam or eccentric i, so as to regulate the injection of ether intothe generator A automatically, for which purpose the cam t' is mountedon an axis 70, actuated by a suitable governor.

Figs. 3 and 4 show an enlarged vertical section and elevation of thepump E. The piston or plunger consists of the upper part I, with hollowstem 1 connected by a caoutchouc diaphragm l to the casing E andactuated by the eccentric P on the engineshaft, and of the part m,within which the part I is capable of sliding, the two parts beingconnected together by a pin on If entering a slot in m. The latter has acylindrical stem m, forming the actual pump-plunger extending down intothe passage for the liq 6c uid ether. Within the hollow stem I is astrong helical spring I which tends to press downward the part- 112,keeping it in the position shown. Thus on the upstroke of the pump thestem I draws the part m up With 6: it by the before-mentioned pin, andon the I downstroke the part at is forced down by the spring. Thestrength of the spring is so calculated that so long as the maximumpressure to which the apparatus is adjusted is not exceeded the springwill cause the plunger m to force liquid ether into the accumulator; butas soon as the maximum pressure is attained in this, which is slightlyabove the working pressure of the generator, such pressure in overcomingthe strength of the spring will prevent this from forcing down theplunger m m during the downstroke of I, and consequently the supply ofliquid ether to the accumulator will be intercepted until by theconsumption of ether-vapor from the generator the pressure has sunkagain to the working maximum.

In the accumulator G (shown to an enlarged scale at Fig. 5) the valve orslide j consists of 8 5 a cylindrical stem having a hole bored throughit of the same size as the channel It for the discharge of liquid etherto the generator A. The stemj has an enlargement f, to which is attacheda rod Z, that is pressed o upward by a helical spring 0", bearingagainst a collar Z on the rod, so that the upper end of the rod Z ismade to press upward against the eccentric 11 on the axis 70. When theengine is working with the normal consumption 5 of ether-vapor, theeccentric his in the position shown at Fig. 5, pressing the rod Z andslide j down, so as to fully open the passage h for the discharge ofether. WVhen the engine exceeds the normal speed, a governor of I03 anyknown construction actuated thereby is made to partially turn theeccentric 7t either by a pulley k or by a lever, so as to allow thespring 0" to press upward the slide j more or slide-valve chest 0 of theengine-cylinder, and

is distributed by the slide-valve d, of ordinary construction, in thecylinder 0, where it acts expansively upon the piston L, the motion of Awhich is transmitted by aconnecting-rod l in the usual manner to thecrank N of the engine-shaft 0. On the latter is fixed the cocentric P,that Works the plunger I of the injection-pump E. The exhaust vapor fromthe cylinder passes through a pipe e into a group of tubes S, containedin a condenser Q, from which it passes in the form of liq uid ether intothe refrigerator B, and thence to the recipient D, from which it isagain drawn by the pump, as above described, for feeding the accumulatorand vapor-generator. The group of tubes S has a spray of watercontinually playing over it from the upper part of the condenser Q, andthe evaporation produced by the contact with the tubes q, heated by theexhaust-vapor, produces sufficient cold to at once effect thecondensation thereof.

the condenser Q, I may employ an exhaust fan for drawing off the steamresulting from the evaporation as soon as it is generated. Theworking-cylinder is inclosed in a bath of glycerine contained in acasing I, and this glycerine being directly heated by the fire at 13prevents any condensation of the ether-vapors in the cylinder and theslide-valve chest, while at the same time any ether-vapors that may leakthrough the joints of these parts are retained by the casing I and areled by a pipe q to the condenser Q. Thus it will be seen that with thisimproved construction of ether-vapor engine the whole of the operationsare carried on within closed vessels, so that no ether-vapors can escapeinto the outer air, a safety-valve on the vapor-generator being alsoinclosed in a box communicating with the condenser by a pipe, so thatany escape of vapor, owing to excess of pressure, will also be caughtand condensed.

Having thus described the nature of my invention and the best means Iknow for carrying the same into practical effect, I claim- 1. In anether-vapor engine, the combination, with the en gine-cylinder, of avapor-gem In order to increase the efficacy of erator and fire-place inimmediate proximity thereto, a refrigerator for completing the coolingand liquefaction of the ether coming from the condenser, a recipient forthe condensed and liquefied ether, and a force-pump for forcingregulated quantities of the liquid ether into the vapor-generator at apressure slightly in excess of the working pressure of the engine,substantially as herein described.

2. In an ether-vapor engine, the combination, with a vapor-generator, ofa pump with piston or plunger having spring action, so as toforce'liquid ether into the generator only at or below a pressure whichis slightly in excess of the working pressure of the engine, and anaccumulator consisting of a closed vessel with air-cushion, into whichthe liquid ether is forced by the pump and fromwhich the liquid passesthrough :a valve or slide controlled by a governor to thevapor-generator, substantially as described.

3. In an ether-vapor engine, the combination of a vapor-generator heatedbya fire supplying the ether-vapor to the engine-cylinder, anaccumulator or closed vessel with aircushion for supplying the liquidether to the vapor-generator, a pump for supplying the accumulator withliquid ether at a constant pressure, and a surface-condenserrefrigerator and recipient for condensing and cooling the ether-vaporcoming from the engine to a liquid state and storing the same forthesupply of the said pump, substantially as herein described.

4. In an ether-vapor engine, the combination of a Working-cylinder, anevaporative surface condenser for condensing the exhaust ether-vaporfrom the engine, a refrigerator for cooling the liquid ether coming fromthe condenser, a recipient for storing the condensed ether, a force-pumpfor drawing the liquid ether from the recipient, a closed vessel oraccumulator with air-cushion for receiving the liquid ether underpressure from the force-pump, and a vapor-generator receiving regulatedquantities of liquid ether from the accumulator and heated so as tovaporize the ether for supplying the working-

